STRENGTH AND MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF BI-METALLIC ROTARY FRICTION WELDS BETWEEN STAINLESS STEEL 304 AND 316Pages 49-56
Abstract
This study focused on assessing bi-metallic rotary friction welded joints between stainless steel 304 and 316. Various process parameters were adjusted for welding, including rotational speed (692, 832, 1228 rpm), burn-off length (6, 9, 12 mm), and forge time (30-40, 40-50, 50-60 seconds). The experiment was designed using an Orthogonal array L9. The aim was to analyze the strength and microstructure of the welded joints, employing tests such as tensile strength, Vickers micro-hardness, SEM, and EDS analysis. The results revealed that the highest tensile stress (456.58 MPa) and hardness value (331 HV) were attained at a rotational speed of 1228 rpm, a burn-off length of 12 mm, and a forge time of 40-50 seconds. SEM images indicated brittle fracture, attributed to elevated levels of carbon and phosphorus. Additionally, a signal-to-noise ratio test was conducted to assess the significance of process parameters, revealing that burn-off length and spindle speed were the primary influencing factors, while forge time remained insignificant.
Keywords: Rotary friction welding,
Dissimilar SS304/SS316 weld rotational speed,
Burn-off length,
Tensile strength,
Micro-structure.
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Jagjeet Singh Chatha, 
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